Spain tab tom txhim kho Green Hydrogen Ntau Lawm - Tab sis Nws Puas Muaj Peev Xwm Ntxiv Ntxiv Ntxiv Mus?

Tab sis cov neeg thuam ceeb toom txog kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nkag mus rau 'hydrogen npuas'.

Nrog kev nplua nuj ntawm hnub thiab cua,Spainyog positioning nws tus kheej li cov teb chaws Europe yav tom ntej tus thawj coj nyob rau hauv ntsuab hydrogen ntau lawm.

Tab sis qee tus kws tshaj lij kev lag luam hluav taws xob tau qhia ceev faj txog kev txhim kho kev lag luam uas yuav vam khom rau kev nce loj hauvlub zog tauj dua tshiab.

Tam sim no, feem ntauhydrogenyog tsim los ntawm fossil fuels. Yog li hu ua 'ntsuab' hydrogen yog tsim los siv lub zog tauj dua tshiab - xws li cua, hnub ci thiab hydropower.

Ntawm no yog vim li cas EU tau nce ob npaug rau ntsuab hydrogen, Spain koom nrog li cas, thiab vim li cas qee qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov no 'roj ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej'.

Vim li cas ntsuab hydrogen ntau lawm tseem ceeb nyob teb chaws Europe?

Los ntawm Russiantxeem tauntawm Ukraine, lub hydrogen sector tau coj qhov tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe.

Russia yog lub ntiaj teb thib ob tus tsim khoom loj tshaj plawsnatural gas, uas powers feem ntau thoob ntiaj teb hydrogen ntau lawm. Nrog rau kev rau txim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, European Union tab tom rov tsom mus rau intra-bloc mov chains rau nws lub zog xav tau.

"Lub zog tauj dua tshiab, suav nrog cov hydrogen txuas ntxiv mus, yog lub hauv paus ncej ntawm REPowerEU Plan, uas yog EU lub tswv yim kom tshem tawm cov pob txha hauv Lavxias kom sai li sai tau," hais tias EU Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Hluav Taws Xob Kadri Simson.

Nrog rau kev txhawb nqakev ruaj ntseg zog, ntsuab hydrogen yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv EU txoj kev thawb raunet zero. Los ntawm 2030, lub bloc tab tom sim txiav emissions los ntawm 55 feem pua ​​​​piv rau 1990 qib.

Raws li ib feem ntawm qhov no, nws tau npaj siab tias EU tsim 10 lab tonnes ntawm cov hydrogen txuas ntxiv los ntawm 2030 thiab kom xa 10 lab tonnes ntxiv.

Spain,Fabkis, Lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Portugal tau pom zoo los tsim cov kav dej hydrogen los ntawm 2030 txhawm rau thauj qee 2 lab tonnes hydrogen mus rau Fabkis txhua xyoo.

Green hydrogen ua li cas?

Ntsuab hydrogen yog tsim thaum lub zog tauj dua tshiab muaj zog hluav taws xob uas khiav los ntawmdej, cais nws cov hydrogen thiab oxygen molecules los ntawm electrolysis.

Cov txheej txheem tsis tsim lub ntiaj teb sovcarbon dioxide, tab sis tsawg dua 0.1 feem pua ​​​​ntawm lub ntiaj teb hydrogen ntau lawm tam sim no tsim nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, raws li IEA.

Txawm li cas los xij, hydrogen feem ntau ua rau hauv cov txheej txheem hu ua steam-methane hloov pauv. Qhov no feem ntau sivmethane(CH4) los ntawm natural gas. Hydrogen atoms yog cais los ntawm carbon atoms siv high-temperature chav thiab siab. 'Grey' hydrogen, carbon monoxide thiab CO2 yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem.

Qhov sib cais hydrogen tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov hlau,ammoniathiab cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg, txhua yam uas yuav tsum tau muaj cov txheej txheem kev lag luam uas nyuaj rau kev txiav cov fossil fuels.

Hydrogen kuj tseem siv tau los ua cov roj tsheb thauj mus los, uas tuaj yeem muaj ib hnub hloov pauv cov pa phem heev thiabkev dav hlausectors.

Vim li cas Spain tau zoo nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov hydrogen ntsuab?

Spain thaj chaw loj, cua daj cua dub thiab muaj neeg nyob tsawg tau txais ntau tshaj 2,500 teev hnub ci nyob rau ib xyoos, raws li lub xeev lub chaw haujlwm huab cua. Qhov no muab cov xwm txheej zoo rau cua thiabhnub ci zog, thiab yog li ntawd ntsuab hydrogen ntau lawm.

Tsoomfwv Spanish tau tshaj tawm tsab ntawv qhia txog Hydrogen Roadmap rov qab rau xyoo 2020. Spain twb tau ua tiav nws lub hom phiaj rau ntsuab hydrogen muaj peev xwm plaub zaug - lub teb chaws tam sim no muaj 15.5 gigawatts ntawm lub peev xwm piv rau nws thawj 2030 lub hom phiaj ntawm plaub gigawatts.

Hnub ci vaj huam sib luag hauv Los Arcos, Navarra Xeev, sab qaum teb Spain.AP Photo/Alvaro Barrientos

Lub koom haum International Energy Agency (IEA) tau hais rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis tias Spain yuav suav rau ib nrab ntawm Tebchaws Europe txoj kev loj hlob hauv kev muaj peev xwm txuas ntxiv mus rau hydrogen ntau lawm.

"Yog tias koj saib qhov twg hydrogen yuav raug tsim nyob rau hauv Tebchaws Europe hauv lab xyoo tom ntej, nws nyob hauv ob lub tebchaws, Spain thiabPortugal," pom zoo Thierry Lepercq, tus tsim thiab tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm HyDeal Ambition, kev lag luam platform coj los ua ke 30 tuam txhab. "Hydrogen yog qhov tshiab.roj."

Kev thuam tau nyob nruab nrab ntawmntsuab hydrogentus nqi siab dua piv nrog cov pa phem heev grey hydrogen rub los ntawm cov nkev ntuj.

Lepercq sib cav tias lub hnub ci hluav taws xob tsim hauv Spain yog tus nqi qis txaus los sib tw. Nws tab tom ua haujlwm nrog cov tuam txhab xws li Spanish gas pipeline corporation Enagas thiab thoob ntiaj teb steel loj heev ArcelorMittal los tsim qauv rau ntsuab hydrogen ntau lawm, faib thiab muab khoom ntawm tus nqi sib tw.

Green hydrogen tuaj yeem pab txiav cov fossil fuels qhov twg hluav taws xob tsis siv tau

Txawm hais tias qee qhov chaw muaj hluav taws xob ntau dua, lwm qhov nyuaj rau tawg. Piv nrog rau hluav taws xob, hydrogen tuaj yeem xa tau zoo dua qhov kub siab uas xav tau los ntawm kev lag luam hnyav. Hauv cov sectors xws litshebthiab cua sov, lub sijhawm no, hluav taws xob siv tau zoo.

Rau cov haujlwm zoo li no, "nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev siv hluav taws xob," hais tias Spain tus hloov pauv kev hloov pauv huab cua, Teresa Ribera. Txawm li cas los xij, nws txuas ntxiv, Spain kuj yuav tsum tau txiavfossil fuelsrau "kawg siv rau qhov hluav taws xob tsis yooj yim li."

Thoob plaws ntiaj teb, Lepercq hais tias, "Kev siv hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob, yog 20 feem pua ​​​​ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob. Yuav ua li cas txog 80 feem pua ​​​​uas tsis muaj hluav taws xob?... Koj yuav tsum hloov cov fossil fuels. Tsis nyob rau hauv 50 xyoo. lawv tam sim no."

Nws lub tuam txhab hydrogen ntsuab HyDeal lub hom phiaj los hloov cov txheej txheem siab emitting xws li siv cov coking thee thiab moj tej tawg rauv hauv steel manufacturing, thiab cov roj ntuj hauv ammonia ntau lawm.chiv. Nws yuav tsum xub tsim lub hnub ci ua liaj ua teb thiab electrolysers nyob rau sab qaum teb Spain, koom nrog lwm cov nroj tsuag ntsuab hydrogen tsis ntev los no tau qhib hauv central Spain thiab Mallorca.

Lub tsheb thauj khoom txav mus rau hauv txoj kev ze rau lub hnub ci chaw ua si hauv Los Arcos, Navarra Xeev, sab qaum teb Spain.AP Photo/Alvaro Barrientos Vim li cas qee cov neeg tseem ceeb ntawm Tebchaws Europe thawb rau ntsuab hydrogen?

Ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm ntxiv zog tauj dua tshiab zog yuav tsum tau los tsim ib tugntsuab hydrogenyav tom ntej. IEA hais tias lub ntiaj teb yuav xav tau 50 gigawatts ntawm lub peev xwm txuas ntxiv mus rau ntsuab hydrogen ntau lawm los ntawm 2027 - ib 100-fold nce.

Minister Ribera paub ntsuab hydrogen yuav tsum muaj kev nqis peev ua ntej uas tsuas yog them nyiaj rau lub sijhawm ntev. Slashing emissions "yuav tsum muaj theem pib uas tuaj yeem them nrog lub zog tauj dua tshiab," nws hais.

Qee cov kws tshaj lij kev lag luam tau sib cav tias kev thawb rau ntsuab hydrogen yog qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm ntawm lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev rov ua dua tshiab tom qab kev poob ntawm Ukraine tsov rog rau lub zog sector.

Antonella Battaglini, CEO ntawm Renewables Grid Initiative hais tias "Hauv Tebchaws Europe tshwj xeeb, tau muaj kev thawb loj heev rau hydrogen, uas hauv kuv qhov kev xav tsis tsim nyog," said Antonella Battaglini, CEO ntawm Renewables Grid Initiative. EU lub hom phiaj ntawm 20 lab tonnes ntawm ntsuab hydrogen los ntawm 2030 xav tau hluav taws xob "uas peb tsis muajrov ua dua tshiabcov peev txheej los tsim, "nws hais ntxiv.

Tam sim no qhov kev thov rau hydrogen deb tshaj EU txoj kev npaj khoom, Battaglini sib cav, ua rau "qhov kev pheej hmoo uas peb raug tsav los ntawm kev xa hluav taws xob ncaj qha mus rau hauv hydrogen npuas."

Cov kws tshaj lij zoo li Battaglini ntshai tias cov tuam txhab tuaj yeem sib cav tias thaum tsis muaj lub zog txuas ntxiv dua tshiab, lawv yuav tsum tau cia siab rau fossil fuels.

"Yuav muaj tus nqi siab heev. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus nyiaj txiag, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig. Koj yuav xaus nrog siab duatso pa tawmtshaj li koj muaj hnub no, "nws hais.

 

Thaum lub zog hloov pauv no, xyuas kom koj lub tshuab muaj kev nyab xeeb nrog cov khoom siv txiav. Yog tias koj tab tom nrhiav cov khoom siv txhim khu kev qha xws li lub kaus mom fuse rau cov toj roob hauv pes dynamic ntawm lub zog tshiab, saib tsis muaj ntxiv lawm. Peb lub tuam txhab stands li koj unequivocal xaiv. Txhim kho koj lub zog infrastructure nrog peb cov fuse sab saum toj lub kaus mom thiab puag yav tom ntej ntawm lub zog ruaj khov seamlessly. Xaiv peb rau kev taug kev muaj zog thiab muaj zog.